National Debt — Honest Accounting, Honest Priorities
America doesn't have a spending problem. It has a revenue problem manufactured by four decades of tax cuts for the wealthy. The Clinton surplus years proved higher taxes on the wealthy work.
The National Debt
The two-minute version.
$39 trillion in debt. Tax cuts caused 57–90% of it. The IRS is missing $696 billion a year in uncollected taxes. The Pentagon has failed 8 consecutive audits.
Restore taxes on the wealthy. Fix IRS enforcement. Protect Social Security and Medicare absolutely. Eliminate the debt ceiling. The Clinton playbook.
Debt-to-GDP stabilizes and falls. Social Security solvent through 2099+. No shutdowns. Pentagon audited. Healthcare costs collapse toward peer-country levels.
The debt is the product of four deliberate policy choices: tax cuts for the wealthy, a $696 billion annual tax evasion crisis Congress refuses to address, a Pentagon that has failed 8 consecutive financial audits, and a healthcare system that costs twice the OECD average. Each is reversible.
Debt held by public reached approximately 100% of GDP in early 2026 — the highest since World War II. CBO projects 156% of GDP by 2055 under current law; 214% if expiring tax cuts are extended. Net interest reached $949 billion in FY2024, up 34% from the prior year, now approaching the entire defense budget.
The CAP analysis is definitive: 57% of the debt ratio increase since 2001 is attributable to Bush and Trump tax cuts — over 90% when one-time recession and COVID costs are excluded. Cumulative revenue lost exceeds $10.6 trillion, disproportionately benefiting the top 1% and corporations.
The IRS estimates $696 billion per year in taxes owed but not collected. The top 1% accounts for ~28% of the gap. Every dollar auditing the top 0.1% returns $26 in collected revenue. Congress eliminated nearly all of the $45.6 billion in new IRS enforcement funding from the Inflation Reduction Act — a deliberate policy choice to allow wealthy tax evasion to continue unchecked.
How the US compares.
What Americans face vs. what peer nations achieve.
| Measure | US | Peer Nation |
|---|---|---|
| US tax revenue vs. OECD average | 25.6% GDP | 34.1% GDP(OECD average · $2.5T/yr gap) |
| Clinton era (1993–2000) debt-to-GDP | 47.8% → 31.4% | Falling(Higher taxes on wealthy) |
| Effective corporate tax rate | ~12.8% | ~22%(Pre-TCJA rate) |
| True tax rate of 25 wealthiest Americans | 3.4% | ~25%(Average American) |
"America does not have a spending problem. It has a revenue problem manufactured by four decades of tax cuts for the wealthy. The path to fiscal health runs through progressive taxation, not through cutting the programs that keep Americans alive."
— The Common Good Party — National Debt Policy
What the CGP plan actually does
For fiscal stability, the Clinton era is the empirical proof. Raising the top rate from 31% to 39.6% in 1993 produced 22.7 million jobs, 3.9% unemployment, surpluses by FY2000, and debt-to-GDP falling from 47.8% to 31.4%. This is the single most important data point in the US tax debate. It is not theoretical. It happened. Fiscal health and progressive taxation coexist.
For American families, the debt ceiling is abolished — no more hostage-taking. Government shutdowns cost Congress their paychecks, not federal workers' livelihoods. The Pentagon is required to pass audits or forfeit budget increases — the $1 trillion/year in unaccountable spending ends. Social Security and Medicare are protected absolutely, funded through eliminating the payroll cap that currently lets the top 6% pay less on the margin than the bottom 94%.
For healthcare costs, single-payer saves $650 billion/year nationally. The US spends 17.2% of GDP on healthcare (global high) vs. an OECD average of 11.2%. If the US matched per-capita spending of Germany, total healthcare costs would fall by $1.4 trillion annually — effectively eliminating the entire federal deficit. Families no longer bankrupt by medical emergencies.
For intergenerational investment, borrowing is structured around returns. Pre-K returns $7–17 per dollar (Heckman). Infrastructure generates 1.5× multiplier (CBO). SNAP generates 1.7×. The Human Genome Project returned 141:1 ROI. High-income tax cuts return 0.1–0.2× — the worst use of borrowed money ever measured. The plan refuses to borrow for tax cuts and commits to borrowing for high-return investment.
What changes on day one
"The US raises $2.5 trillion per year less than the OECD average as a share of GDP. Closing even half that gap would eliminate the deficit entirely and fund the full progressive agenda with room to spare. This is not a question of whether it is possible. It is a question of whether Congress is willing to make it happen."
— CGP National Debt Paper — §How We Pay For It
What got us here
The four largest drivers of federal debt growth.
These four policy and structural drivers account for the overwhelming majority of federal debt growth over the past two decades. Every figure is sourced to the Congressional Budget Office or the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget — click through to the primary document for the full analysis.
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017)
The 2017 corporate and individual tax cut package. CBO scored its 10-year deficit impact at roughly $1.9 trillion, rising to about $2.3 trillion with interest costs included. The individual cuts expire at the end of 2025 — extending them would add trillions more.
COVID-19 Response (2020–2021)
The CARES Act, the December 2020 relief package, and the American Rescue Plan together authorized approximately $5.2 trillion in emergency spending — economic impact payments, enhanced unemployment, the Paycheck Protection Program, and state and local aid. CRFB's COVID Money Tracker has the full line-item breakdown.
Interest on the debt itself
Net interest on the federal debt is now larger than the entire defense budget. CBO projects interest payments of $950 billion in FY2025, rising to roughly $1.7 trillion by FY2034 as higher rates apply to a larger stock of debt. Every dollar of interest is a dollar unavailable for schools, roads, or healthcare.
Aging population: Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid
Mandatory health and retirement programs together account for roughly half of federal spending and are projected to grow faster than the economy for the next three decades as the population ages. CBO's Long-Term Budget Outlook projects these programs alone drive most of the debt-to-GDP increase through 2055.
See where every side actually stands.
Current federal law, the Democratic Party's 2024 platform, the Republican Party's 2024 platform, and our plan — side by side, sourced to the record.
Open the side-by-side comparisonThe homework other parties skip. We did it.
Sourced, cited, costed, and written to a standard that could walk into a legislative office tomorrow. 4,787 words across 10 pillars.
- Center for American Progress — Tax cuts and the debt
- FRED — Federal tax revenue as % of GDP
- Peter G. Peterson Foundation — Who owns the debt
- CBO — Budget and Economic Outlook
- IRS — Tax gap estimates
- ProPublica — Secret IRS files
- LSE — Tax cuts for the rich: 50 countries, 50 years
- IMF — Blanchard-Leigh fiscal multipliers